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Brand Equity Library
Theories, research papers, methodologies
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A collection of seminal sources on Customer-Based Brand Equity (CBBE), divided into two tiers:

Foundations

open access

Foundational papers and empirical research on consumer choice psychology and brand added value, alongside a course recommendation for applied team qualification

Evolution and Methodologies

partner access

Evolution of brand equity theories, applied methodologies of leading business schools, and perception analysis tools. Access upon request for clients and partners

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Brand as a Commercial Asset & Margin Defense

Tom Roach (2020)

The Brand: The Most Valuable Business Tool Ever Invented

Practical guidance for CMOs navigating boardroom conversations: an article where Tom Roach translates brand equity from abstract marketing notions into the pragmatic language of business, sustained profit, and pricing power. It clearly explains to CEOs and CFOs how building enduring mental capital drives long-term commercial value and significantly reduces overall company risk

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​→ [Original article (The Tom Roach)]

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The Birth of Brand Management

Neil H. McElroy (1931)

The Brand Man Memo (Procter & Gamble Internal Memorandum)

The seminal document that established modern brand management. A three-page internal memorandum that first defined autonomous, end-to-end brand accountability within an enterprise for the first time

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For brand management practice, this memo remains the foundational starting point for the brand manager's role itself: from consumer research to market share defense

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​→ [Read original memorandum (PDF)]

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The Anatomy of Customer-Based Brand Equity

Kevin Lane Keller (1993)

Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity

The seminal paper that shaped modern brand equity. In an industry where marketing tactics and formats shift constantly, this foundational work remains entirely timeless. It continues to define how brand equity is conceptualized, measured, and guarded

 

For strategic qualitative research, this paper remains the definitive starting point

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​→ [Read original paper (PDF, JSTOR)]

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Foundations of Two-Speed Brand Strategy

Les Binet & Peter Field (2013, 2020)

Balancing Short- and Long-Term Effectiveness

A foundational econometric study grounded in decades of IPA data, demonstrating that sustained business profitability relies on balancing immediate sales activation with long-term mental brand capital

 

For periods of economic turbulence, Peter Field extends the framework by evaluating the 'Go Dark' risk, providing empirical evidence on why maintaining share of voice is the most economically justified path to defending and capturing market share

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→ [Les Binet & Peter Field (2013) - Core IPA Research, The Long And The Short Of It]

​​​→ [Peter Field (2020) — Advertising in a Recession: Long, Short, or Dark?]

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Brand Identity Codes

Jenni Romaniuk (2018)

Building Distinctive Brand Assets

A work that elevates brand identity far beyond mere aesthetics, proving that beyond authentic meaning, a brand must be unmistakably recognized through its visual, sonic, and tactile cues

 

​The Distinctive Asset Grid provides a practical framework to audit, strengthen, and protect distinctive brand assets

 

​→ [Official publication (Oxford University Press)]

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Synthesis in Brand Strategy

Mark Ritson (2020)

‘Bothism’ is the cure for marketers’ fascination with pointless conflict

A manifesto targeting marketing's artificial divisions, where organizations exhaust critical resources debating whether to prioritize brand building or tactical sales

 

​Sustainable growth and profitability stem not from an "either/or" compromise, but from the disciplined, unified leadership of both dimensions working in concert

 

​→ [Original article (Marketing Week)]

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Professional Team Enablement

Mini MBA in Brand Management (Mark Ritson)

If you are looking for an educational program to build a shared methodological foundation across the marketing team, Mark Ritson’s course is the world’s leading simulation of the full brand management cycle: from market diagnosis to positioning, budgeting, and consistent execution

 

​→ [Official curriculum (Mini MBA in Brand Management)]

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